The Old Town of Corfu stands as a unique cultural gem in Greece, unparalleled anywhere else in the country. Its architecture carries echoes of both the Byzantine and Venetian eras. Combined with its narrow cantounia, the laundries stretching across the neighborhoods, the quaint squares that fill the town, and the melodies drifting from the windows of philharmonic orchestras, it weaves a truly enchanting tableau.
Many visitors are struck by the discernible Italian influence that permeates the historic center. It evokes classical Italian neighborhoods, a testament to Corfu's nearly four-century-long Venetian reign, allowing it to thrive and break free from Turkish dominance. Designated as a World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 2007, the historical center boasts two formidable remnants of the Venetian epoch: the Old Fortress (Fortezza Vecchia) to the east and the New Fortress (Fortezza Nuova) to the west. These fortifications were vital in safeguarding the town from incursions, predominantly by the Turks. Wandering through the alleys of the Old Town, you're transported back in time, amidst residences crafted from stone, featuring wooden attics and artisanal tiles. Despite some damages from World War II, the allure and ambiance of the Old Town remain resolutely intact. Each step through its streets feels like a venture into a distant, otherworldly fairy tale. Corfu's strategic location in the Mediterranean has lured conquerors across centuries, imprinting its architecture with the legacy of colonialists and conquerors who left their mark. The buildings are a unique fusion of architectural styles, bearing witness to the island's Venetian, French, British, and Greek cultural tapestry.
Corfu Old Town
By night, Corfu's old town exudes a particular charm and allure. The main streets are aglow with lights, the atmosphere pulsating with life. Kabiello, the oldest and most enchanting district, is a testament to this. Narrow cantounia and towering edifices create a romantic ambiance, adorned with intricately carved wells, picturesque squares, and some of the island's most ornate balconies. Between Kabiello to the north and the southerly Spilia district lies Filellinon Street, home to the island's oldest standing building, erected in 1497. Legend has it that its balcony mirrors that of Romeo and Juliet. The journey through the historic center ultimately leads to the breathtaking Spianada Square, an essential stop for coffee, drinks, ice cream, or lunch. It is not only the largest square in Corfu but also in the entire Balkan Peninsula. Its name stems from the Venetian term "esplanade," signifying a square or promenade. On the square's north side, you'll find Greece's most historic cricket ground, introduced during English rule, making Corfu the heart of Greek cricket. Spianada witnessed significant events, including the inaugural appearance of this noble sport by British Navy officers on April 23, 1823.
Today, Spianada hosts a diverse array of activities, from religious ceremonies such as the litany of Agios Spiridon to concerts by Philharmonic Orchestras, and even cricket matches. Monuments dotting the square reflect its rich history, including statues of D. Solomos, N. Mantzaros, and N. Theotokis, the latter commemorating the Union of the Ionian Islands with Greece. One of the square’s most eminent historical landmarks is the Peristyle of Maitland, or Rotunda, built in 1816 in honor of Sir Thomas Maitland, then the appointed Lord High Commissioner of the Ionian Islands.
The iconic Liston, a pedestrian walkway harking back to French rule, stands as a widely photographed gem, characterized by its archways, housing restaurants, and cafes cherished by local Corfiots. Lesseps, a French engineer, was the inspiration behind the construction of this famous pedestrian walkway. The archways on the walkway are reminiscent of the rue de Rivoli in Paris. The term “Liston” is used to refer to the large marble slabs that were used to pave the streets. “Far el liston” means “to walk around the square”.
At the end of Spianada and Liston, the grandeur of the Palace of St. Michael and George leaves a lasting impression. This neoclassical masterpiece, a pivotal monument from the era of British rule, has served diverse purposes over the years. Initially, it was the residence and office of English Commissioners and headquarters of the order bearing the same name. Later, it housed the Senate and Ionian Parliament until the union with Greece in 1864. Today, it is home to the Museum of Asian Art and the Municipal Art Gallery, preserving the monument’s significance in Corfu’s history.
To truly delve into every facet of Corfu’s Old Town, hours of exploration are needed. Yet, a brief car ride provides a glimpse into its history. Circumnavigating the square, you’ll encounter sights such as the church of Panagia Antivouniotissa and the Byzantine Museum. Continuing beneath the Palace, you’ll arrive at the ancient gate of Agios Nikolaos and the old port, offering a leisurely diversion. Rent your car as fast as you can and explore the Corfu Old Town and its wonders!